Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on the concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can manage a project’s build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.

Beanlet - JSE Application Container - Confluence

Inspired by EJB3 and Spring, Beanlet delivers an IoC enabled application container offering the best of both worlds. Beanlet’s programming model looks similar to that of EJB3, but its flexibility is comparable to that of Spring. The Beanlet architecture supports JTA transactions, the Java Persistence API, JNDI, Web integration, and last but not least, the Spring Framework.

Bean Shell

BeanShell is a small, free, embeddable Java source interpreter with object scripting language features, written in Java. BeanShell dynamically executes standard Java syntax and extends it with common scripting conveniences such as loose types, commands, and method closures like those in Perl and JavaScript.

cdrtools 2.01.01a17 (Development)

About: cdrtools (formerly cdrecord) creates home-burned CDs/DVDs with a CDR/CDRW/DVD recorder. It works as a burn engine for several applications. It supports CD/DVD recorders from many different vendors; all SCSI-3/mmc- and ATAPI/mmc-compliant drives should also work. Supported features include IDE/ATAPI, parallel port, and SCSI drives, audio CDs, data CDs, and mixed CDs, full multi-session support, CDRWs (rewritable), DVD-R/-RW, DVD+R/+RW, TAO, DAO, RAW, and human-readable error messages. cdrtools includes remote SCSI support and can access local or remote CD/DVD writers.

Coadunation daemon server

Coadunation open source daemon server

Crossroads load balancer

Crossroads is an open source load balance and fail over utility for TCP based services. It is a daemon running in user space, and features extensive configurability, polling of back ends using ‘wakeup calls’, detailed status reporting, ‘hooks’ for special actions when backend calls fail, and much more. Crossroads is service-independent: it is usable for HTTP(S), SSH, SMTP, DNS, etc.. In the case of HTTP balancing, Crossroads can provide ’session stickiness’ for back end processes that need sessions, but aren’t session-aware of other back ends.

freedesktop.org - Software/dbus

D-Bus is a message bus system, a simple way for applications to talk to one another. In addition to interprocess communication, D-Bus helps coordinate process lifecycle; it makes it simple and reliable to code a “single instance” application or daemon, and to launch applications and daemons on demand when their services are needed.

FreeNAS: The Free NAS Server - Home

Free NAS Server

GCViewer

GCViewer is a free open source tool to visualize data produced by the Java VM options -verbose:gc and -Xloggc:<file>. It also calculates garbage collection related performance metrics (throughput, accumulated pauses, longest pause, etc.). This can be very useful when tuning the garbage collection of a particular application by changing generation sizes or setting the initial heap size.

GridGain - Open Source Grid Computing For Java

GridGain Systems provides professional services around our open source Java grid computing framework. We provide enterprise level support, in-depth training and consulting helping our clients to get the most out of our product during initial evaluation, development and production use.

Hadoop Map/Reduce framework

Hadoop implements MapReduce, using the Hadoop Distributed File SystemHDFS) (see figure below.) MapReduce divides applications into many small blocks of work. HDFS creates multiple replicas of data blocks for reliability, placing them on compute nodes around the cluster. MapReduce can then process the data where it is located.

Java Parallel Processing Framework

An open-source, Java-based, framework for parallel computing.

Java Print Dialog Framework

The JPDF provides preview and print capabilities
to Java applications. Swing components — like JTable and JTextPane — can be
previewed and printed. Forms and reports can be composed and printed.
A large variety of Page Setup, Preview, and Print dialogs is provided.

javaSVNUpdater

javaSVNUpdater is a Java library that allows an application to update or patch itself automatically. The versioning information about the application needs to be stored in a subversion archive, and committing to the archive effects the distribution of new versions. It includes an updater wizard and an executor to spawn a separate process for proceeding with updates.

Java Units of Measure

This is a Java package with abstract data types for measurable quantities (like volume and speed) and units for measuring them (like liters and furlongs per fortnight). You may convert from one set of units to another, and may add your own quantities and units.

jGCS

The jGCS library provides a generic interface for Group Communication. This interface can be used by applications that need primitives from simple IP Multicast group communication to virtual synchrony or atomic broadcast. Its a common interface to several existing toolkits that provide different APIs.

JGroups (JBoss cluster comm)

A Toolkit for Reliable Multicast Communication

Joda Time - Java date and time API

Joda-Time provides a quality replacement for the Java date and time classes. The design allows for multiple calendar systems, while still providing a simple API. The ‘default’ calendar is the ISO8601 standard which is used by XML. The Gregorian, Julian, Buddhist, Coptic, Ethiopic and Islamic systems are also included, and we welcome further additions. Supporting classes include time zone, duration, format and parsing.

JUnitConv

JUnitConv is a free Open Source universal Units of Measure Converter, it converts numbers from one unit of measure to another.
Built as a Java Applet, JUnitConv is platform-independent and highly-configurable, it supports an unlimited number of Units Categories, Units of Measure and Multiplier Prefixes that could be customized using external text files. You could setup your own data files using your preferred spoken language, units categories, units definitions and multiplier prefixes. The default configuration data files contains 580 basic units of measure definitions divided in 31 categories and 27 multiplier prefixes for a total of 15660 composed units.

libreplacer

libreplacer is an easy-to-use string formatting library for Java, which provides some C-sprintf alike syntax, and can be easily extended for all kinds of object to string formattings.

Lobo: Java Web Browser

Lobo is an open source pure Java web browser with support for HTML 4, Javascript and CSS2.

Mozilla Java Html Parser

Mozilla Java Html Parser is a Java package that enables you to parse html pages into a Java Document object. The parser is a wrapper around Mozilla’s Html Parser , thus giving the user a browser-quality html parser.

Mr. Persister

Mr. Persister is a POJO persistence API for Java. The main focus of Mr. Persister is to handle all the trivial JDBC work, and leave the non-trivial parts up to you. It uses plain SQL as the query language, it can auto-map objects to the database, and it can generate SQL for a lot of trivial tasks by itself (such as insert, update, and delete). Mr. Persister also has support for easy batch updates of collections of objects, connection and transaction handling, and many other features.

mubench

mubench is an in-depth, low-level benchmark for x86 processors. Its primary goal is to provide useful information for people who optimize assembly code and for people who write compilers. It measures latency and throughput for each individual instruction (sometimes several forms of the same instruction), as well as the throughput of arbitrary instruction mixes. The results produced by mubench are typically an order of magnitude more detailed than those found in AMD or Intel manuals.

myrpm

Myrpm is a set of utilities allowing you to turn easily software into rpm package. More than a simple set of script, it allow you to manage large groups of server in a elegant and efficient way.

NetBeans HotSpot grapher

Masters Thesis

nlink: NLink - Native Library Linker

Provides a general-purpose method invocation converter driven by annotation. With NLink, calling a native library is as easy as follows, and then the NLink runtime invokes the corresponding method for you

Primrose

Primrose is a database connection pool which supports all databases that have JDBC drivers. It provides control over SQL transaction monitoring, configuration, and dynamic pool management via a Web interface.

pulse 1.1.14

Pulse is an automated build (or continuous integration) server designed to work with you to ensure the integrity of your code. Pulse regularly checks your source code out from your SCM, builds your projects, and notifies you of the results.

recordMyDesktop

recordMyDesktop is a desktop session recorder for linux that attemps to be easy to use,
yet also effective at it’s primary task. As such, the program is separated in two parts; a simple
command line tool that performs the basic tasks of capturing and encoding and an interface that
exposes the program functionality in a usable way.

Redstone Prevalent Storage

Redstone Prevalent Storage is minimalistic prevalent storage for Java SE 5.0 that replaces the need for JDBC and an RDBMS for small and mid-sized applications. The library is comprised of an intentionally small set of concise interfaces and classes, and can be suitable for many types of applications where the data storage does not necessarily require an RDBMS. The library is heavily influenced by Prevayler and the Prevayler team (who should receive all credit).

Sesame

The Sesame 2 RDF store is an open source RDF framework with support for RDF Schema inferencing and querying.

SPARQL Query Language for RDF (Specification)

RDF is a directed, labeled graph data format for representing information in the Web. This specification defines the syntax and semantics of the SPARQL query language for RDF. SPARQL can be used to express queries across diverse data sources, whether the data is stored natively as RDF or viewed as RDF via middleware. SPARQL contains capabilities for querying required and optional graph patterns along with their conjunctions and disjunctions. SPARQL also supports extensible value testing and constraining queries by source RDF graph. The results of SPARQL queries can be results sets or RDF graphs.

Sun Grid network.com

Sun Web Tier Solutions

TIJmp - Java Memory Profiler - why object not gc’ed

TIJmp is a memory profiler for java. TIJmp is made for java/6 and later, it will not work on java/5 systems. If you need a profiler for java/5 or earlier try the jmp profiler.

Tiny Marbles

Tiny Marbles is a transactional, persistent object repository for dynamic objects. Apart from the initial setup, all the interaction between Tiny Marbles and the application is done programatically at runtime. All objects can be modified after creation.

Yamon, Yet Another Monitoring script

Yamon is a very simple Perl program designed to check whether a server is up-and-running and send an alert to a human when something appears to be broken.

YourKit Java Profiler 6.0-EAP-build1076

YourKit Java Profiler is a CPU and memory profiler that makes it easy to solve wide range of CPU- and memory-related performance problems. It features automatic leak detection, powerful tools for the analysis of memory distribution, an object heap browser, comprehensive memory tests as part of your JUnit testing process, extremely low profiling overhead, transparent deobfuscation support, and integration with Eclipse, JBuilder, IntelliJ IDEA, NetBeans, and JDeveloper IDEs.

iCal4j

iCal4j is a Java API incorporating an iCalendar parser, model, validator, and outputter.

Jakarta POI - Java API To Access Microsoft Format Files

The POI project consists of APIs for manipulating various file formats based upon Microsoft’s OLE 2 Compound Document format using pure Java. In short, you can read and write MS Excel files using Java. Soon, you’ll be able to read and write Word files using Java. POI is your Java Excel solution as well as your Java Word solution. However, we have a complete API for porting other OLE 2 Compound Document formats and welcome others to participate.

JavaPlot

Pure Java programming interface library for GNUPlot

Java Software Components by Big Faceless Organization

Java Software Components from Big Faceless Organization including Report Generator, PDF Library and Graph Library

JBDiff

JBDiff (Java Binary Diff) utility is a Java port of the C based bsdiff utility by Colin Percival.

JBoss.com - Wiki - EmbeddedJBoss

The Professional Open Source Company

JBoss Rules

JBoss Rules is the supported and branded release of the Drools project. Drools is an enhanced Rules Engine implementation, ReteOO, based on Charles Forgy’s Rete algorithm tailored for the Java language. More importantly, Drools provides for Declarative Programming and is flexible enough to match the semantics of your problem domain with Domain Specific Languages.

jgcalapi

JGCalAPI provides an easy to use wrapper for the Google Calendaring GData API. This wrapper is intended to hide much of the REST ugliness of the API, thus making it somewhat easier to get started with and to use.

jweather

jweather is a Java library for parsing raw weather data (e.g. METAR, TAF). It currently focuses on parsing and providing an API for access to METAR data.

ngrease metalanguage

The world’s largest development and download repository of Open Source code and applications

Open Data

The Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication & Licence is a document intended to allow you to freely share, modify, and use this work for any purpose and without any restrictions. This licence is intended for use on databases or their contents (”data”), either together or individually.

Raptor RDF Parser Library

Raptor is a free software / Open Source C library that provides a set of parsers and serializers that generate Resource Description Framework (RDF) triples by parsing syntaxes or serialize the triples into a syntax. The supported parsing syntaxes are RDF/XML, N-Triples, TRiG, Turtle, RSS tag soup including all versions of RSS, Atom 1.0 and 0.3, GRDDL and microformats for HTML, XHTML and XML. The serializing syntaxes are RDF/XML (regular, and abbreviated), N-Triples, RSS 1.0, Atom 1.0 and Adobe XMP.

rest-client - Google Code

RESTClient is a Java platform client application to test RESTful webservices. It can be used to test variety of HTTP communications.

RIFE : Continuations

Full-stack open-source component framework to quickly and consistently develop and maintain Java web applications

Below, the XML file (users.xml) you want to generate from input data. It's just a list of user. Each user has an ID a TYPE and a NAME (Full definition is available in users.dtd).

An XML novice developer could write the following code to quickly generate users.xml :

Unfortunately, this code does not generate valid XML. Look at "Jack&Moud" username, it has to be translated to "Jack&amp;Moud" because of '&' special character (called predefined entity). In addition to these specials characters, the developer has to take into account XML processing instructions (i.e. : <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="users.xsl"?>), entity references, comments and cd-data section (An XML reference syntax is available in PDF format here).

Obviously, Java XML libraries (parsers and/or processors) should be used to generate well-formed and valid XML. The first solution creates a DOM document from scratch and serialize it to XML. The following code uses Xerces to do so :

This solution works nice for small XML files but it should be avoided for big files because it's memory consuming. Indeed, the full DOM document (Element, Node, Attributes ...) is in memory before being serialized. It's the major drawback of DOM.

A memory-friendly solution is to serialize the XML file on the fly through SAX.
The code below uses Xerces to do so :

SAX is an event-based API. Basically, to read an XML file, you implement ContentHandler interface. startElement(), characters(...), endElement() methods are called when XML file is parsed. Xerces provides a reverse solution. Developer calls startElement(...), characters(...), endElement(...) SAX methods to generate the XML file.

Samples above need Xerces library but what about others libraries : Crimson, JDOM,
Xalan2, JDK 1.4 .... ? How to select an XML parser and/or an XML processor ? How to make a java code not dependant from a specific library ?
A good solution is JAXP 1.1. JAXP 1.1 is an API developped by SUN. It allows to plug any XML parser and/or processor and "write once, run anywhere" your Java/XML code. Implementation of this API is available in JDK1.4 and provided by Xalan2 too.
Here are similar samples for XML generation with JAXP 1.1 :

Software Archive

• CMU Artificial Intelligence Repository
• Resources Available Through CRL
• SIL Computing Resources
• Linguistics Tools at the University of Vaasa in Finland
• Leeds University, Natural Language Processing Research Group: RESOURCES
• ICOT Free Software
• Netlib Repository (mirror in Japan)

General Information

• Sourcebank - a search engine for programming resources.
• Resources related to content analysis and text analysis - Software
• Some publically available NLP packages
• SAL (Scientific Applications on Linux)
  Artificial Intelligence
• Public Domain Generic Tools: An Overview - a paper written by Tomaz Erjavec
• A collection of online interactive CL tools (Computational Linguistics Group, University of Zurich)
• The LINGUIST List: Software
• The Natural Language Software Registry
• Language Software Helpdesk
  • Frequently Asked Questions
• PennTools - Computational Linguistics Resources At Penn.
• Parsing Resources
• Taggers online, email message containing addresses
• Parsers and Taggers Information (by Steven Paul Abney)
• Relator Language Processing Resources
• Corpus Search Tools
• Neural Networks & Statistics: Software

Tagger, Morphological Analyzer

• A Perl/Tk text tagger
• Conexor
• Cogilex R&D inc - Makers of expert tools for natural language processing
• CLAWS part-of-speech tagger
• TnT - Statistical Part-of-Speech Tagging
• POS tagger for Spanish
• Tagging and Parsing tools
• AUTASYS - A Fully Automatic English Wordclass Analysis System
• TOSCA/LOB tagger
• Relaxation Labelling Based Multi-Tagger
• The QTAG Part of Speech Tagger
• QTAG: A portable Parts of Speech Tagger
• The Alvey Natural Language Tools
• The XTAG Project
• TreeTagger - a language independent part-of-speech tagger
• Xerox Part-of-Speech Tagger
• The Edinburgh/Cambridge Morphological Analyser System
• Winbrill - An adaptation of Brill's tagger to Windows 95/98.
• Eric Brill's Part of Speech Tagger
• Software Plaza: Brill's Tagger
• Morphy - An integrated tool for German morphology and statistical part-of-speech tagging.
• Korean Morphological Analyzer
• Natural Language Tools - Japanese morphological analyzer (JUMAN) and parser (KNP) developed by Nagao Lab. at Kyoto University, Japan.
• WordSmith Tools - Wordsmith Tools is the Swiss Army knife of lexical analysis - an integrated suite of programs for looking at how words behave in texts. It is intended for linguists, language teachers, and anyone who needs to examine language.
  • Mike Scott's Home Page
  • Oxford University Press
• A Lexical Analyzer for HTML and Basic SGML
• ARIES Natural Language Tools - Lexical platform for the Spanish language.

Stemmer

• Porter stemmer
• Porter stemmer
• Dutch Porter stemmer
• IRIS stemmer
• Iterated Lovins stemmer

Collocation

• Xtract - Frank Smadja's Collocation Extractor.

Parser

• Malaga - a system for automatic language analysis
• Attribute-Logic Engine (ALE) System and Grammars - A freeware logic programming and grammar parsing system.
• CG Parser - Natural deduction categorial grammar and lambda-calculus parser.
• Head-Corner Parser (by Gertjan van Noord)
• A basic parser written to illustrate the bottom up parsing algorithms in Natural Language Understanding, Second Edition
• Cass Partial Parser
• CHILL: An empirical parser acquisition system using inductive logic programming
• ISSCO Tools - Left-head-corner Island Parser Compiler, etc.
• Georgetown University Natural Language Processing
  Parser Modularity Demo page
• PC-PATR: A syntactic parser
• IMS Stuttgart: The CUF Web Page - Comprehensive Unification Formalism
• Apple Pie Parser - The Apple Pie Parser is a bottom-up probabilistic chart parser which finds the parse tree with the best score by best-first search algorithm.
• Link Grammar Parser

Corpus Tools

• WebCorp
• Concordances: Producing and Using them
• XCES: Corpus Encoding Standard for XML
• RST Tool - An RST (Rhetorical Structure Theory) Markup Tool.
• RST Annotation Tool
• Qwick - corpus browser
• Linguistic Annotation - This page describes tools and formats for creating and managing linguistic annotations.
• Alembic Workbench - a suite of tools for the analysis of a corpus, along with the Alembic system to enable the automatic acquisition of domain-specific tagging heuristics.
• The System Quirk - Workbench for Terminology, Lexicography and Text Analysis.
• Multext: Multilingual Text Tools and Corpora
• XCorpus - An Environment for Managing Corpus and Multilingual Web Server
• The IMS Corpus Toolbox Webpage
  X
• Kobe Phoenix Laboratory - Corpus Wizard program.
• Concordance - A program for Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 95/98 which makes wordlists, concordances, and Web Concordances from your electronic texts.
• MonoConc (concordance program)
• MonoConc for Windows (concordance program)
• Text Analysis Computing Tools (TACT)
• The Lingua Project: The World of MultiLingual Parallel Concordancing
  (http://prune.loria.fr/~bonhomme/lingua/)
  - Sentences alignment tool in multilingual corpora.
• The Lingua Project: The World of MultiLingual Parallel Concordancing
  (http://www.loria.fr/exterieur/equipe/dialogue/lingua/)
• Textual Corpora and Tools for their Exploration

Language Modeling

• Maximum Entropy Modeling
• Maximum Entropy Modeling Toolkit
• CMU-Cambridge Statistical Language Modeling Toolkit
• CMU Statistical Language Modeling Toolkit by Roni Rosenfeld
  • Program
  • Document
• Trigger Toolkit
• Simple Good-Turing Smoothing
• Smoothing tools software by Joshua Goodman and Stanley Chen
• Language modeling tools
• Statistical Decision Trees

HMM

• A HMM mini-toolkit (by Anand Venkataraman)
• HMM Software
  see also: Exercise: Using a Hidden Markov Model
• Discrete HMM Toolkit
• Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Toolbox
• Meta-MEME: Motif-based Hidden Markov Models of Biological Sequences

Language Identification

• Ted E. Dunning's program
• Gertjan van Noord's program
• Doug Beeferman's program

FSA Tools

• Finite State Utilities
• Automata Learning from Theory to Practice
  • Downloadable Software
• Index to finite-state machine software, products, and projects
• FSA utilities
  • FSA Utilities: A Toolbox to Manipulate Finite-state Automata
• Grail - a symbolic computation environment for finite-state machines, regular expressions, and other formal language theory objects.
• AMoRE - A program for the computation of Automata, Monoids, and Regular Expressions.

Speech

• HTK: Hidden Markov Model Toolkit
• CSLU Toolkit
• The Epos Speech Synthesis System
• ISIP public domain speech to text system
  • The ISIP Automatic Speech Recognition Toolkit
• CSLU Toolkit (Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology)
• Computer generation of accent marks
• Spoken Natural Language Processing Group Software
• CMU Error Analysis Toolkit
• Audio Tools
• VOICEBOX: Speech Processing Toolbox for MATLAB

Mathematical Software

• NIST Guide to Available Mathematical Software

Statistics

• Bayesian inference Using Gibbs Sampling
• CoCo - A statistics package for analysis of associations between discrete variables.

Machine Learning

• Machine Learning Toolbox (MLT)
• The Machine Learning Programs Repository
• The RIPPER rule learner
• mFOIL - An ILP systems designed to handle noisy examples.

Support Vector Machine

• SVMLight
• SVM package by William Noble Grundy
• Kernel Machines Web Site

Information Retrieval & Filtering

• seft - a Search Engine For Text
• MG - Managing Gigabytes
• Isearch - software for indexing and searching text documents.
• SMART Software and test collections (Cornell University)
  • see also SMART links
• Doug Oard's Research Software Page - SMART Modifications
• Bow: A Toolkit for Statistical Language Modeling, Text Retrieval, Classification and Clustering
• ifile - A general mail filtering system.
• IR-STAT-PAK - A program to compute descriptive and analytic statistics for the TREC IR trials.
• Yavi - A visual interface to textual information.
• Labeled data sets for information extraction

String/Pattern Matching

• Online Approximate String Matching
• Strmat package (exact string matching and suffix trees)

Sentence Boundary Detector

• SATZ: An Adaptive Sentence Boundary Detector
• Adwait Ratnaparkhi's MXTERMINATOR

Clustering/Classification

• FCLUSTER - A tool for fuzzy cluster analysis
• LNKnet Pattern Classification Software
• Principal Direction Divisive Partitioning
• k-means clustering

WWW

• w3mir - HTTP copying and mirroring tool.
• HTTrack - The Web mirror utility.
• HTML Conversion, Shareware and Freeware

Other Tools

• German Morphology Browser (online service)
• 'mat2D' Matrix/Vector Library in C
• Content Analysis Resources - for quantitative analyses of texts, transcripts, and images.
• SNoW learning program
• The µ-TBL Homepage - Logic Programming Tools for Transformation-Based Learning
• ROOT: An Object-Oriented Data Analysis Framework
• CAQDAS Networking Project - Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software
• Suffix sort
• Nb - a graphical user interface for annotating the discourse structure of spoken dialogue, monologue, and text.
• GATE - General Architecture for Text Engeneering.
• TiMBL: Tilburg Memory Based Learner
• MtRecode - The Multext character translation program
• Evalb - A bracket scoring program. It reports precision, recall, non crossing and tagging accuracy for given data.
• The OC1 decision tree software system
• IND Version 2.0 - creation and manipulation of decision trees from data
• Paai's text utilities
• Shoebox 3.0 for Windows and Macintosh - A database program oriented to the needs of a field linguist's dictionary.
• Teaching materials for statistical NLP by Chris Brew, Language Technology Group, Human Communication Research Centre, University of Edinburgh
• Introducing environmentalism and post-fordism into NLP (NeuroTran)
• Tools for Estonian Language
• Dan Melamed's Page - Simulated Annealing Program, XTAG morpholyzer post-processors for English Stemming, Good-Turing Smoothing Software, 150 miscellaneous text processing tools, 75 text statistics and bitext geometry tools.
• TOOLDIAG: Pattern recognition toolbox
• The DN2 Home Page - DN2 is an intelligent self-relating free format database system which accepts data in human text format, and retrieves it in response to human requests, like Where is London?
• Software Announcements
• Tools for drawing and graphically editing trees
• Paul Nation's vocabulary programs
• syllable prediction code (a simple lisp function)
• Pratt - a pattern discovery tool
• XGobi - A system for multivariate data visualization.
• NODElib - Neural Optimization Development Engine library

Java Object Oriented Neural Engine

Sesame

JGAP

Mandarax

OWL API

Bayesian Network tools in Java (BNJ)

JAGA - Java API for Genetic Algorithms

RebeccaAIML, Enterprise AIML platform

Neural Network Utility

Algernon-J

jason

nlpFarm

robotrader

。应当一起设计JSP和JSP bean 

。在尽可能合理的情况下，把业务逻辑从JSP中移走。具体于HTTP的逻辑（如，对Cookie的处理）属于bean或支持类中，而不是JSP中。

。尽量把条件逻辑放在控制器中而不是放在视图中。

。为JSP、包含的文件、JSP Bean和实现扩展标记的类使用遵循标准的命名惯例。如：
        jsp控制器   xxxxController.jsp
       被包含的:  jsp _descriptiveNameOfFragment.jsp
        jsp页面模型bean:   <pagename>Bean 如loginBena.Java
        jsp会话bena:   xxxxSessionBean
        标记类 : xxxxTag,xxxxTagExtraInfo 

。应当在JSP中避免使用页面引入指令。import指令会促使类的实列化而不是jsp bean的实例化：
        不用：<%@ page import = "com.Java.util.*" %>
        而用：<% Java.util.List l = new Java.util.LinkedList(); %> 

。jsp不应该直接去访问请求参数。bean应当执行这样的处理过程并且输出所处理的模型数据。

。jsp不应当访问属性文件，或者使用JNDI。bean可以访问属性。

。如果jsp bean具有的所有的属性不能够从页面请求中被映射到，就要尽力在<jsp:useBean>标记中设置属性。 

。应当避免设计既显示表单又处理结果的页面。

。在jsp中避免代码重复。把要重复的功能放在一个包含的jsp、bean或标记扩展中，使得它能够被重用。

。jsp bean应当永远不要去产生HTML 编程大本营HTTp://www.timihome.net

。在jsp中应该避免使用out.pringln()发放来产生页面内容。

。jsp层不应该直接访问数据，这包括JDBC数据库访问和EJB访问。

。在长度上，scriptlests的代码最好不要超过5行。

。除了jsp bean之外，jsp不应当去实例化复杂的可读写的对象。如果这样的话，就有可能在jsp中去执行不适当的业务逻辑。

。jsp bean中不应当包含大量的数据。

。如果使用了<jsp:forward>和<jsp:include标记>，并且必须使用简单类型的值来与外部页面进行通讯的话，就应当使用一个或多个<jsp:param>元素

。定制标记应当用在适当把逻辑从jsp中移走的地方。

。应当谨慎地使用<jsp:forward>标记，在jsp中它是一个等价的goto。

。应当使用隐藏的注释来阻止输出的HTML过大。

。在jsp中避免进行异常处理

。每个jsp文件中都应当使用一个错误页面来处理不能够从中恢复的异常。

。在jsp错误页面中，使用HTML注释来显示传递到该页面中的异常跟踪信息。

。只有在能够获得性能上的好处时，才使用jspInin()方法和jspDestroy()方法。获取和放弃资源是jsp beans和标记处理器的事，而不是由jsp来负责的。

。如果没有充分的理由，就不要在jsp中定义方法和内部内。

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数据访问标签库（Database access library）
JSTL提供了数据访问标签库，但是我很少用它，因为我强烈的认为不应该在JSP页面内直接访问数据库。如果在JSP中直接的访问数据库将会降低重用， 因为数据库访问的代码在使用数据库范围标签的JSP页面外是不可以被访问到的。在JSPs中直接的进行数据库访问将会加大表示层与数据层之间的耦合。严格 的分割意味着更好的模块化，复用性，以及更容易的满足表现层和数据层之间的规范（Disciplined separation means more modularity, greater opportunity for reuse, and better opportunities for specialization of presentation and database experts）。.我推荐在JSTL的其他三种标签库可以满足JSP开放人员的需求的时候使用这些标签库，但是我不推荐使用JSTL的数据库范围标签库 outside of prototypes and the simplest Web applications。

JSTL 核心标签库(

利用servlet filter的特点
servlet filter是Servlet2。3规范中引入的，但是这些filter同样有利于JSP开发和维护。因为JSPs需要被转换成servlets， JSPs与servlet技术紧密相关。因此servlet规范的重要发展会影响到JSP的发展，对此你不应该感到奇怪。
Servlet filters是Intercepting Filter模式的J2ee实现，因此提供了这个模式的所提供的特点，包括更好的维护性，少的代码冗余以及更好的可移植性。这是因为：通常你需要加入服务 到每个jsp页面中，而现在可以通过将这些服务放到一个filter中。并且这些JSPs根本不需要这些filter的存在。因为在可插入的 filters与JSPs之间没有关联性，因此在filter中的修改将不会直接影响到JSPs。你可以使用filter链，使用不同的filter的组 合，每个filter用来实现不同的目的。

JSP网络应用中servlet filter的作用
下面 的两个例子说明了在基于JSP的网络应用中servlet filter的作用。在许多的安全配置中，每一个JSP页面都会检验会话ID和其他一些安全性来授权一个JSP调用。你可以将这些在每个JSP页面中的检 验代码移植到一个servlet filter中，并且确保这个filter在调用每个jsp页面之前被调用。这样就提高了JSPs的可维护性和可移植性。你可以仅仅的在这一个 servlet中进行一些安全检验方面的修改，或者是在其中加入一些和安全相关的代码。而不是在每一个JSP页面中进行修改。如果将来整个安全机制改变 了，系统中唯一要修改的地方仅仅是这个filter，独立的JSP页面将不需要任何修改。 www.bitsCN.net网管博客等你来搏
在上一篇“JSP Best Practices”中，我推荐将异常信息存储到“Secondary Storage”中，并且仅仅的提供给用户一个可以检索这些异常信息的一个标志（and only providing the user with an identifier to search the storage for the entire exception trace）。在这种情况下servlet filter非常的有用。你可以通过配置来使网络应用（Web Application）在调用异常JSP时自动的来执行用来记录异常日志的filter。Sevlet规范提出了许多的潜在的servlet filter用法。
为JSPs的创建API文档（document．nbspthe APIs for your JSPs）
Java的许多悦人心意的特点之一便是它支持JavaDoc。通过JavaDoc可以快速而容易的为java代码提供Web-based的文档。不幸的是，javadoc工具不支持JSP，并且JSP规范没有“唤起”一个方法来提供“JSP APIs”。

什么是JSP API？
能够不通过阅读JSP的全部的代码就能够快速的确定一些JSP方面是非常之有用的。比方说，你需要知道哪些变量是绑定到会话(session)，请求 (request)和应用(application)的范围，并且这些变量是具体的被绑定到了具体的哪一个范围之上。另外一个JSP API用处的例子是在JSP segment之中，segment需要知道在被包含的时候，调用它们的JSP中已经声明和制定了哪些变量（Another example of useful JSP API information is denoting in JSP segments which variables they require the calling JSP to have declared and defined when including them）。

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JSP规范没有涉及 关于如何的建立JSP API的文档。Sun的JSP 1.x 代码公约文档讨论将注释和作者，版权，以及描述的信息一起写在JSPs的上部，但是我喜欢更详细的记录JSPs的期望的输入（but I like to document．nbspmy JSPs' expected inputs more thoroughly）。
因为JSP规范中 没有涉及到这些，因此没有一个标准的用来注释JSP API。一个方法是在JSP中使用java代码（scriptlets）并且在代码中嵌入javadoc形式的注释(/** javadoc comment */)。尽管我很少在JSPs中使用java代码，但是这是在服务器端保留这些注释的最简单的方法。使用XML/HTML风格的注释会将JSP API暴露在客户端，这是一个很不好的方法。
我知道有两种免费可以使用的产品可以用来为你的JSPs做注释，SourceForge.net 的JspDoc以及OSDN（Open Source Development Network）的Freshmeat.net的JSPDoc。(关于两种工具的详细情况见resource【http: //www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-07-2003/jw-0725-morejsp-p3.html#resources】). 这里我将简要的介绍一下这两个工具。

JspDoc(SourceForge)
SourceForge 的JspDoc可以用来为JSPs生成Javadoc风格的文档。这个工具通过将XML-Compliant的标签放入到Javadoc风格的注释 （/** */）之中，而这些注释是放在了JSP page的java代码中。这个工具的缺点是目前它仅仅支持JSP pages，尽管对JSP document．支持已经在计划列表中。 www.bitsCN.net网管博客等你来搏
这个工具还提供了转换JSP pages到JSP document．功能。因为我从一开始就编写JSP document．因为我没有用过这项功能，但是对于想从JSP pages转换到JSP document．用户来说，这是一个很好的工具。还要另外一个功能就是将JSP document．换到JSP pages。

JSPDoc(Freshmeat.net)
Freshmeat的JSP 文档生成器 JSPDoc从JSPs中抽取信息来创建Javadoc风格的基于Web的文档页面。这个工具的一个优点是它能够将产生的JSP文档与用Javadoc工 具产生的java类的文档结合起来。缺点是，为了产生注释要求有一个相当严格的注释结构。这个特殊的语法使用了Javadoc的（/** */）但是并不能够识别@符号，而@在标准javadoc是有一定的含义的。另一个缺点就是这个工具不支持XML－compliant的JSP document．而是要求用<%%>的语法结构。This product is available under the Mozilla public license.
JSP document．tion for JSP document． 因为JspDoc和JSPDoc都不支持JSP document．我利用JSP document．XML-compliance的特性来产生Javadoc形式的文档。使用XSLT stylesheet，可是很容易的来为JSP document．建HTML页面形式的注释文档。而且不需要自定义的解析。因为当你的JSP是一个正确的XML文档时有标准的工具（比方Xalan）能 够进行这些处理。

　　当你在浏览器中键入URL来执行JSP时，JSP在以HTML的形式提交给用户之前需要经历一系列的处理。正是因为这些处理，因此当第一次请求jsp 的时候需要的时间要比其后对这个jsp页面的访问需要的时间要长很多。很多的开发人员都知道在发布的时候预编译JSPs的重要性，同样的，在开发阶段进行 预编译也是很有用的。
你可以在编译代码的阶段，在编译与JSP相关的javabean、自定义标签处理类（custom tag handler classes）、其他一些相关的类以及servlet的同时预编译JSP。这样只需要进行一次的编译，减少了某一个时间内需要的编译的时间。对于开发人 员来说，这非常有好处，因为在等待编译的时候，他们很容易分心。因此一次性的进行所以的编译相对与只是在请求jsp的时候才进行编译是很有好处的。
预编译可以发现语法问题（parser problem）以及其他一些翻译时期（translation-time）出现的问题。这些问题通常需要多个步骤才能够定位。这样对于开发人员来说是有 意义的，这样开发人员就不需要通过浏览多个页面后才可以定位存在问题的页面了。如果使用JSP document．话，那么还可以在预编译的时候来验证JSP document．结构。
预编译的另一个好处是可以在发布的war文件中包含你的编译了的JSP版本，而不是实际的JSP源代码。JSP进行编译后，就可以以.class文件包含在发布的产品中（这些.class文件名满足容器的供应商特定的命名约定）。 bitsCN_com
大多数的Java 2平台，J2EE以及一些java工具都支持JSP预编译，专业的网络容器也支持JSP预编译，尽管可能是通过一种非标准的命令或者界面。许多的网络容器 都支持命令行形式的JSP预编译，你可以在你的scripted builds中加入这些命令行。

组织文件和目录
下面的技术有助于JSP的开发与维护，能够使得你的JSP开发和维护更容易和高效：
l 组织Web的根目录
l 组织好WEB－INF目录，合理的使用子目录
l 以.jspf的扩展名来标识JSP fragments（需要被include在其他jsp页面中的jsp文件，译者注）
l 使用IDE，ANT，以及其他一些自动生成工具

组织Web的根目录
你可以通过将所有的Web应用所有的文件直接的放到web的根目录下面，这个目录就是WEB－INF目录所在的目录。我推荐合理的组织这个目录，比方说 在其中加入jsp,html,css以及css等子目录。对于简单的应用来说，是否需要这样来划分目录还有争议但是对于大的网络应用来可以增强理解以及维 护性能。

组织WEB-INF目录
标签酷是在JSP开发中很有价值的资源。大的网络应用可能包含有几个 标签库比方说：JSTL标签库、Struts标签库以及其他的一些标签库。我推荐在WEB-INF目录下面建立一个tld子目录来存放这些标签库而不是将 这些标签库放在WEB-INF目录下面。这样可能会“淹没”了这个目录。

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以.jspf的扩展名来标识JSP fragments
在最近版本的JSP规范中的JSP segments（以前版本称为JSP fragments）即.jspf文件是不完整的JSPs，是用来被其他的JSP来包含的。JSP规范建议使用命名规范来区别“外层”的JSPs和JSP fragments/segments。通常将命名完整的“外层”的文件以“.jsp”为扩展名，而JSP fragments/segments以“.jspf”为扩展名，但是规范并没有要求这样做。我同样推荐将完整和“外层”的JSPs放在一个不同的目录下 面。

使用IDE，ANT及其他的一些自动工具
IDEs可以加速开发和部署的时间，并且减少书写以及其他的一些错误。有许多的IDE工具提供了J2EE工具和向导。这些工具同样同一些框架相集成（如Struts和JSTL标签库）。
Ant是defacto标准的创建和部署java和j2ee应用的工具。Ant提供了创建和部署应用时很多有用的特性，同样也支持创建和部署war以及 ear文件。许多工具内嵌支持Ant。当不能使用IDEs时，我任务Ant时必不可少的。其他一些工具也可能支持自动创建和部署，也能提供ant提供的特 性，但是ant一个最重要的特点就在于它的费用（免费）以及它支持很广泛。
同样我推荐Apache的Apache Maven，在考虑管理整个java项目时它也是一个很有用的产品。 bitsCN_com关注网管是我们的使命

重新考虑与规范不相容（nonspecification-compliant）的特性
Web Server偶尔会提供一些与供应商特定(vendor-specific)的特性，这些特性在开发时非常有用，可以提高性能、安全以及其他一些特性。在 有些情况下，使用这些与供应商相关(vendor-specific)的特性是合理的，因为它所带来的优点远远的超过了其所可能蕴涵的危险。然而你需要意 识到使用与供应商特定的特性时所蕴含的危险，因此在同样的情况下应该优先的考虑使用和规范相容的特性。记住,并不是所以的特性都是按照规范而“呼唤”出来 的，在这种情况下，任何一个供应商的实现都是私有的。
技术的依赖并不总是使得供应商特点的特性蕴含危险。特定的Web servers供应商提供的自定义标签库可能在所有的支持自定义标签的Web server都可以使用，这种情况下你需要注意的是版权（licensing issues）问题了。
最佳实践（best practice）依赖与变换Web servers的可能性。当我不使用tomcat做为web server时，我通常会在其他别的web servers上面部署基于j2ee的网络应用来检验规范的相容性。需要记住的一点是，即使你一直使用一种web server，随着时间的发展，使用供应商特定的特性也存在危险。因为j2ee规范不断的进步，在某一个特定的供应商以他们特有的方式实现了一定的特性的 时候，j2ee规范可能就会以一种标准的形式来定义这个特性。这种情况下，这个供应商就会转向这个同一的标准。 play.bitsCN.com累了吗玩一下吧

使用XHTML语法
在“JSP Best Practices”中，我推荐在JSPs中使用HTML的最佳实践（best pratices）。更近一步，我发现在创建JSP document．XHTML规范提供很有用的HTML标签语法（I now find that the XHTML specification offers the most useful version of HTML tag syntax in authoring JSP document．），XHTML使得更容易的来创建XML相容的JSP document．甚至JSPs page的作者也发现了在JSPs中使用XHTML是有好处的。
因为完全的XML相容，XHTML语法比 HTML遵守个严格的规则。标准的HTML和XHTML标签的不同见：World Wide Web Consortium's XHTML 1.0 pages.（http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-07-2003/jw-0725-morejsp- p4.html#resources.）

只能做的更好（It only gets better）
JSP技术是用来简化灵活的web开发的。近来产生JSTL技术延续了这一趋势。甚至servlet方面规范的进步也大大的方便了JSP的开发。JSP和 servlet规范的进步、一些新的工具的产生、JSP编码标准的共享都使得高可维护的JSP的开发比以前更加的容易。