﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>IT博客-小软在学习-随笔分类-unix&amp;linux操作以及管理</title><link>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/category/1983.html</link><description>创新</description><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Mon, 26 Sep 2011 17:03:14 GMT</lastBuildDate><pubDate>Mon, 26 Sep 2011 17:03:14 GMT</pubDate><ttl>60</ttl><item><title>Linux\Unix 操作系统--操作系统基础知识</title><link>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/10/20/18192.html</link><dc:creator>小软</dc:creator><author>小软</author><pubDate>Fri, 20 Oct 2006 08:46:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/10/20/18192.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/comments/18192.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/10/20/18192.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/comments/commentRss/18192.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/services/trackbacks/18192.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[
		<h1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">Linux\Unix </span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统</span>
		</h1>
		<h2 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">操作系统基础知识</span>
		</h2>
		<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
						<font size="5">操作系统的类型</font>
				</span>
		</h3>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">计算机操作系统主要有以下几种类型：批处理操作系统、分时操作系统、实时操作系统、网络操作系统、分布式操作系统、微机操作系统、多处理机操作系统等。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">1.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">单道批处理操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">最早出现的一种操作系统，严格地说，只能算是操作系统的前身。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">2.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多道批处理操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统内可以同时运行多道作业。资源利用率高，系统吞吐量大。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">3.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分时操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分时系统是指一台主机上连接了多个终端，同时允许多个用户共享主机中的资源，每个用户都可以通过自己的终端以交互方式使用该计算机的系统。</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">都是典型的多用户多任务的分时系统。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">4.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实时操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所谓实时就是“立即”、“现在”的意思。是指对随机发生的外部事件能及时作出响应和处理。实时操作系统的设计目标主要是实时响应及处置能力、高可靠性和安全性。计算机要及时响应外部事件的请求，并能以足够快的速度完成对事件的处理，一般要求响应时间为秒级、毫秒级甚至微秒级；而对系统资源的利用率要求不高，甚至为保证高可靠性而采用各种冗余设计。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">5.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多处理器操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多处理器具有多个</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">CPU</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，这些</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">CPU</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">共享系统中的总线、时间、内存及外围设备等。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">6.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">网络操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">网络操作系统除了具有通常单机操作系统所具有的功能外，还应具有以下网络支持功能：</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">网络通信；资源管理；网络服务；网络管理；互操作能力。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目前流行的网络操作系统以及具有联网功能的操作系统主要有</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">NetWare</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统、</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Windows</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统、</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等。网络操作系统已比较成熟，它必将随着计算机网络的广泛应用而得到进一步的发展和完善。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">7.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分布式系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分布式系统由若干台独立的计算机构成，整个系统给用户的印象如同是一台计算机。实际上，系统中每台计算机都有自己的局部内存和外部设备，它们即可独立工作（自治性），又可以合作。在这个系统中各机器可以并行操作且有多个控制中心，即具有并行处理和分布式控制的功能</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1">
				<span lang="EN-US">8.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分布式操作系统与网络操作系统的比较</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">1)</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分布性。分布式操作系统不是集中地驻留在某一人站点中，而是较均匀地分布在系统的各个站点上。资源、功能、任务和控制是分布在整个系统中的。计算机机网络的控制功能则大多是集中在某个（些）主机或网络服务器中，或者说控制方式是集中式。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">2)</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">并行性。分布式操作系统的任务分配程序可将多个任务分配到多个处理单元上，使这些任务并行执行，从而加速了任务的执行。计算机网络中，每个用户的一个或多个任务通常都在自己（本地）的计算机上处理，因此，在网络操作系统中通常无任务分配功能。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">3)</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">透明性。分布式操作系统通常能很好地隐藏系统内部的实现细节。如对象的物理位置、并发控制、系统故障等对用户都是透明的。网络操作系统，虽然它也具有一定的透明性，但主要是指在操作实现上的透明，用户必须明确指定操作的源地址和目标地址。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">4</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）共享性。在分布式系统中，分布在各个站点上的软、硬件资源可供全系统中的所有用户共享，并能以透明的方式对它们进行访问。网络操作系统虽然也能提供资源共享，但所共享的资源大多是设置在主机或网络服务器中，而在其它机器上的资源则通常仅由使用该机的用户独占。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">5</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）多机合作和健壮性。多机合作是自动的任务分配和协调，而健壮性表现在，当系统中有一个甚至几个计算机或通路发生故障时，其余部分可自动重构成为一个新的系统，该系统仍可以工作，甚至可以继续其失效部分的工作或全部工作，当故障排除后，系统自动恢复到重构前的状态。这种自动恢复功能就体现了系统的健壮性，即具有较好的可用性和可靠性。网络操作系统其控制功能大多集中在主机或服务器中，这使系统具有潜在的不可靠性，系统的重构功能也较弱。分布式系统的根本出发点和目的就是因为它具有多机合作和健壮性。正是由于多机合作，系统才具有响应时间短、吞吐量大以及可用性好和可靠性高等特点。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /?>
						<o:p> </o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
						<font size="5">操作系统的功能与特征</font>
				</span>
		</h3>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">1.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的功能</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统是一个资源管理器，其主要任务是管理系统资源。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的五大基本管理功能：处理机管理（</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">CPU</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、内存管理、设备管理、文件管理、作业管理。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">2.</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的特征</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">并发性、共享性、异步性、虚拟性。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<o:p> </o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
						<font size="5">操作系统简介</font>
				</span>
		</h3>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">1.UNIX</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统是当代最具代表性的多用户多任务分时系统。</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统是唯一在微机工作站、小型机到大型机上都能运行的操作系统，它已成为当今世界最流行的多用户任务分时操作系统。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">
						<o:p> </o:p>
				</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">2.Linux</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是目前全球最大的一个自由免费软件，其本身是一个功能可与</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Unix</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Windows</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">相媲美的操作系统。</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">包含了</span>
				<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的全部功能和特性，它具有良好的安全性和稳定性，具有完备的网络功能，目前主要应用于中、高档服务器中。</span>
		</p>
		<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
				<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
				<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的特点：开发性、多用户、多任务系统、出色的速度性能、友好的用户接口、强大的网络功能、可靠的系统安全、支持多种文件系统、完善的技术支持体系。<br /></span>
		</p>
		<span lang="EN-US">
				<o:p>
						<div class="Section1" style="LAYOUT-GRID:  15.6pt none">
								<h2 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">文件管理</span>
								</h2>
								<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
												<font size="5">文件系统概述</font>
										</span>
								</h3>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">file</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）一般是用于描述计算机系统中的数据和程序。它通常存储在外存（如磁盘、</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">U</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">盘、光盘、移动硬盘）上，可以作为一个独立单元被存储和实施相应的操作（如打开、关闭、读、写等）。</span>
								</p>
								<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
												<font size="5">文件的分类</font>
										</span>
								</h3>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">1.</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按文件性质与用途分类</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统文件：由系统软件构成的文件。如</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统下的核心文件</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">/UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(2)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">库文件：这类文件允许用户对其进行读取和执行。如</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统下的</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">/lib</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">/user/lib</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目录下的文件。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(3)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用户文件：这类文件是用户通过操作系统保存的文件，由文件的所有都或所有者授权的用户才能使用，用户将这些文件委托给操作系统管理。主要由用户的源程序、可执行目标程序、用户数据库组成。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">
												<o:p> </o:p>
										</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">2.</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按操作保护分类</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只读文件：只允许文件主及被核准的用户去读文件，而不允许写文件。如</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">-r--------</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可读写文件：只允许文件主及被核准的用户去读和写文件。如</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">-rw-------</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">只执行文件：只允许文件主及被核准的用户去调用执行文件而不允许读和写文件，如</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">---x------</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">各操作系统的保护方法和级别有所不同。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的文件保护有九种，分为</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">3</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">组，分别为文件主（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">owner</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、同组（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">group</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）、其它（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">other</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。每组均由</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">r</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">w</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">x</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的权限控制。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">
												<o:p> </o:p>
										</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">3.</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按用户观点分类（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">类或</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统）</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">普通文件（常规文件）：是系统中最一般组织格式的文件，用</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">ls-l</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令列文件清单时，首项特征为“</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">-</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，如</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">-rwx-rx--x</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(2)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">目录文件：是由文件的目录信息构成的特殊文件，操作系统将目录也称为文件，便于统一管理。这类文件包含两类信息，文件名和节点码（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">i-node</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），用</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">ls-l</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令列文件清单时，首项特征为“</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">d</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”，如：</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">drwx-rx-rx</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(3)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">特殊文件（设备驱动程序）：在</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">或</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">Linux</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中所有的</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">I/O</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设备都被看成特殊文件，通过链接方式，它与设备驱动程序紧密相连。用</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">ls-l</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令列文件清单时，首项特征为“</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">c</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”（字符型）或“</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">b</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”（块型）。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">
												<o:p> </o:p>
										</span>
								</p>
								<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
												<font size="5">文件目录</font>
										</span>
								</h3>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多级文件目录将目录和文件放在一起，将目录也做成文件，形成树形多层次的目录结构。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统中的文件卷是文件、层次结构目录和</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">i</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">节点</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">(i-node)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">三者的组合体，它由“由路径”可确定唯一文件。硬盘可以在逻辑上划分成多个文件系统的文件卷，利用命令</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">/etc/mount</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">/etc/umount</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可方便地动态装卸。</span>
								</p>
								<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
												<font size="5">文件存储空间管理</font>
										</span>
								</h3>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">空白块链：空白块链是一种非连续区分配辅存的方案。这种方法是在文件存储设备的每个空白块（又称自由块或空闲块）中设立一个链接指针，指向下一个空白块位置，从而将所有空白链接在一起，并设置一个头指针指向空白块链的第一个物理块。当用户建立文件时，就按需要从链首依次取下几块分配给文件。当撤销文件时，回收其存储空间并将回收的空白块依次链入空白块中。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一种改进的方法是将空白块分成若干组，再用指针将组链接起来，将这种管理空白氛的方法称为成组链接法。这种成组链接法在进行空白块的分配与回收时，要比空白链法节省时间。目前，成组链接法主要用在</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统中。</span>
								</p>
								<h3 style="MARGIN: 13pt 0cm">
										<font size="5">
												<span lang="EN-US">UNIX/Linux</span>
												<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的安全性</span>
										</font>
								</h3>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX/Linux</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统的安全机制有：</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">口令（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">password</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）。口令是</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统最基本的保护机制。要成功地在</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统上注册，必须拥有正确的用户名（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">username</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）和口令（</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">password</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），否则系统将拒绝用户进入系统。</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用一个加密的口令文件</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">/etc/passwd</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存所有用户口令。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(2) </span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件权限控制。在</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX/Linux</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统下，可以用</span>
										<span lang="EN-US">crypt</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令对文件进行加密。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">
												<o:p> </o:p>
										</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">UNIX/Linux</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的不安全因素有：</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(1) UNIX/Linux</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">系统允许用户不设置口令，它会导致非法用户盗用其用户名进入系统，从而破坏该用户的文件。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(2)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">口令猜测程序会使用户的口令被破译。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">(3)</span>
										<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件权限的设置不当可能增加文件的不安全因素。</span>
								</p>
								<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
										<span lang="EN-US">
												<o:p> </o:p>
										</span>
								</p>
						</div>
						<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
								<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
										<br style="PAGE-BREAK-BEFORE: always; mso-break-type: section-break" clear="all" />
								</span> </p>
				</o:p>
		</span>
<img src ="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/aggbug/18192.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/" target="_blank">小软</a> 2006-10-20 16:46 <a href="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/10/20/18192.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Vi编辑器常用指令</title><link>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6863.html</link><dc:creator>小软</dc:creator><author>小软</author><pubDate>Thu, 23 Feb 2006 01:36:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6863.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/comments/6863.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6863.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>1</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/comments/commentRss/6863.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/services/trackbacks/6863.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<H1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>Vi</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">编辑器常用指令</SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>Vi</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提供三种操作模式。在命令模式中，键被解释为命令元素。在插入模式中，所有键都被解释为文本条目。末行模式适用于较复杂的命令，在最后一行输入。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">表格</SPAN><FONT face=Arial> <SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-no-proof: yes">1</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> Vi</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">编辑器中的简单命令</SPAN></FONT></P>
<TABLE class=MsoTableGrid style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 68.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>
<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d9d9d9; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-shading: white; mso-pattern: gray-15 auto">ESC</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为末行模式</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>i</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（字符显示在当前光标位置）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>a</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（字符显示在当前光标位置之后）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（在行末添加字符）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>R</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为命令模式（覆盖旧文本）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 5">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>r</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式并覆盖各个字符</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 6">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>s</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（用下一个输入的字符替换光标所在位置的字符）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 7">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>C</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（用新文本替换行中剩余部分）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 8">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>o</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（在当前行之后插入新行）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 9">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>O</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（在当前行之前插入新行）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 10">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>x</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">删除当前字符</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 11">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>dd</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">删除当前行</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 12">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>dw</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">删除到当前单词的末尾</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 13">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>cw</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为插入模式（用随后输入的内容覆盖当前单词的剩余部分）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 14">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>u</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">复原上一个命令</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 15">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>J</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">连接下一行与当前行</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 16">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重复上一个命令</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 17; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 36pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=48>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>:</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 306pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=408>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">改为末行模式</SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">命令模式下每个命令前可以有一个数字，指定在以下命令中应该对多少个对象执行操作。输入</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3dw</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以同时删除三个单词。使用命令</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>10x</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以删除光标位置后的十个字符，使用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>20dd</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">则可以删除二十行。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">末行模式中最为重要的命令如下表</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoCaption style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">表格</SPAN><FONT face=Arial> <SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-no-proof: yes">2</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> vi</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">编辑器中的复杂命令</SPAN></FONT></P>
<TABLE class=MsoTableGrid style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN: auto auto auto 68.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>
<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 69.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=93>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>:q!</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 272.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=363>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">退出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>vi</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，不保存任何更改</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 69.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=93>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>:w&lt;filename&gt;</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 272.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=363>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">另存为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>&lt;filename&gt;</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 69.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=93>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>:x</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 272.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=363>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存修改的文件并退出编辑器</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 69.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=93>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>:e&lt;filename&gt;</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 272.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=363>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">编辑（装载）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>&lt;filename&gt;</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 69.9pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=93>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>:u</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 272.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=363>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">复原上一个编辑命令的操作</SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P><img src ="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/aggbug/6863.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/" target="_blank">小软</a> 2006-02-23 09:36 <a href="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6863.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>如何在SuSE Linux下安装配置telnet服务</title><link>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6862.html</link><dc:creator>小软</dc:creator><author>小软</author><pubDate>Thu, 23 Feb 2006 01:35:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6862.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/comments/6862.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6862.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>1</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/comments/commentRss/6862.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/services/trackbacks/6862.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如何在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">SuSE Linux</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下安装配置</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">telnet</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">检测</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>SuSE</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>Telnet</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务是否已安装（默认安装时是不安装</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>Telent-Server</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的。）</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US># chkconfig –list</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在列表中，有如下显示，表示</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>telnet</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务已安装。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>xinetd based services:</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>telnet:<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #339966">on</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果未安装</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>telnet-server</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，则请在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>YaST</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中安装软件包（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>telnet-server</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>CD2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中）。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">启动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>telnet</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>#chkconfig telnet on</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">确认服务已启动：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US># chkconfig –list</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>xinetd based services:</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>telnet:<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #339966">on</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务启动时，显示为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>on</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">修改配置文件</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>ftpusers</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，使</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>root</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以登入</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN># cd /etc</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN># mv securetty securetty.bak</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>/etc # vi ftpusers</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>root</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">前加上注释，以便让</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>root</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以登入。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #339966">#root<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存后退出。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">5.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">修改可同时连接的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>telnet</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">终端数量</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US># cd /etc</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US># vi xinetd.conf</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">修改</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>instances</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的数量：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>instances<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN>= 150</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">保存后退出。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">6.<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重新启动服务：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US># /etc/init.d/xinetd restart</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>Shutting down xinetd:<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #339966">done</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>Starting INET services. (xinetd)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #339966">done</SPAN></SPAN></P><img src ="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/aggbug/6862.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/" target="_blank">小软</a> 2006-02-23 09:35 <a href="http://www.cnitblog.com/Lily/archive/2006/02/23/6862.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">发表评论</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>